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cap is the largest part of the nemes, contrary to temporal areas, and
corresponds to the higher part of the headcloth, like the round part placing
itself at the rear of the head, above the shoulders.
With the origin, it had to contain
the heavy wig with braids which the sovereigns carried, as us the statue
of Djoser shows it discovered in the serdab of its funerary complex, in
Saqqarah.
Of face, the cap cap is composed
of three
parts :
- the higher edge (1),
- the base (2), which corresponds to the higher edge of the frontal
headband,
- side edges (3), delimiting the cap of temporal areas.
Of profile, the cap presents four
different general forms which it will adopt according to times :
- the form (1), very round with
the back and returning clearly towards the interior above the shoulders,
is found only with the Old Kingdom,
- the form (2), punt with the back, belongs to the reign of Sesostris
Ier,
- the form (3), very convex, during the Middle Kingdom,
- the form (4), of the New Kingdom to the Greek and Roman sovereigns.
After the adopted form of profile, the only element
of the cap prone to a real evolution will be the higher edge.
This one will present three
different forms :
- the form (1), slightly round,
is found mainly with the Old Kingdom, but it is possible to find it
during the Late Kingdom,
- the form (2), most current, is present in the majority of the nemes
of Middle Kingdom until the Greco-Romans times ,
- the form (3), at the very marked ends, appears sporadically under
Amenemhat III for the Middle Kingdom, then in a way more marked with
the New Kingdom, mainly under the reigns of Ameénophis IV, Seti
I and Ramses II.
Thereafter, it will be possible to find it, but it will be very often
put aside in aid of the form (2).
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